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Achieving fusion through centrifugal confinement

submitted by prototype to science 2.4 yearsDec 13, 2022 19:22:19 ago (+1/-1)     (science)

Initial paper is here:
https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1350957

back of the napkin math says for a 100cm radius, with a 1kg mass, researchers need
on the order of 2 million RPM (but I'm a completely newb at these calculatiions).
Highest end ultracentrifuge I saw mentioned, achieved 1 million RPM
but that was a blurb from google, so who knows.


4 comments block


[ - ] Master_Foo 0 points 2.4 yearsDec 14, 2022 01:40:56 ago (+0/-0)

Back of the napkin math says the centrifuge is spinning at 4% the speed of light. Yeah, you can probably fuse hydrogen with that kind of energy. But, good luck finding a centrifuge that spins at 4% c.

We are talking about 90,000ish newtons of outward force for every kilogram of structural material.

Then you'll need at least 900,000ish joules to get it up to speed. Probably more for to make up for 4% time/space dilation.

Sounds fun. I don't want to be around it when it spins up though.

[ - ] PotatoWhisperer 0 points 2.4 yearsDec 14, 2022 02:27:35 ago (+0/-0)

Probably more for to make up for 4% time/space dilation.

The warping of space occurs at much higher speeds, it's not linear at all. I think it's something like 68% or 72% or something like that where you actually see some significant changes.

[ - ] prototype [op] 0 points 2.4 yearsDec 14, 2022 04:42:01 ago (+0/-0)

good luck finding a centrifuge that spins at 4% c.

I think it is doable, but that just might be because I'm insane.

Sounds fun. I don't want to be around it when it spins up though.

The other danger is wall melt.

Unless your hydrogen or other fuel was contained in some sort of matrix, say aerogel or some other support matrix.
Line the walls with one half of a D+T fuel, inject the other component into the centrifuge as a gas.
Spin it up. Wall melt occurs, releasing the fuel--it would have to be a relatively rapid spin up before the whole vessel melted and went kaboom.

Actually I don't see why the containment vessel itself can't be a disposable fuel cell. Walls would be lined with a support matrix saturated with the fuel, and the other component of the fuel would be either a solid or a liquid sealed in the vessel.

Fuel cell is then placed by automation into a larger chamber that gathers the heat, light, and high energy rays to convert to electricity.

In this way the vessel doesn't have to survive, and wall-melt becomes less of an issue (again assuming fast enough spin up and insulation to prevent fuel cooling which would cause a loss of pressure).

In fact what might be possible is some disposable bubble thats part of the fuel cell, acting as a barrier between the outer and the inner walls. Inside the bubble is a predrawn vacuum, so the fuel cell spins with minimal friction.
When the vessel is spinning fast enough it explodes, breaking the bubble and vacuum, and colliding with a high pressure atmosphere in the chamber or outer vessel. Alternatively the bubble could be mechanically broken, removed, or have atmosphere injected, resulting in the inner vessel rapidly heating from atmospheric friction.

The heat and pressure in the outer containment vessel then drives a piston.

For spinning up the centrifuge, no material exists that can withstand that kind of force. A nieve approach would be to do something similar to what is done a blender, where a coupling between the vessel and the machine itself is used to turn a mechanism (in this case a blade). That won't work here obviously.

Another approach would be to affix to every inner vessel a metal plate. On the bottom of the outer vessel is likewise another metal plate. The outer plate is cooled, by channels, to the temperature of liquid helium or hydrogen, thus acting as a platform for the inner vessel to float on through flux pinning.

From there magnetic fields are used to get the inner vessel rotating. This solves the mechanical friction issue between the fuel cell and the containment vessel.

Theres still a whole bunch of issues to solve, including how to prevent damage to the support mechanism, fuel cell heating causing loss of pinning support, the strength of fields necessary to accelerate the fuel cell, etc.

If they can figure out how electron charge and spin separation happens, or rely on the properties of certain quasi-particles, they could be used in metamaterials as heat retransport, or even to convert heat into rigidity, or other unconventional properties, in order to reinforce the fuel cell walls till they are sufficiently up to speed. I'm just spitballing.

[ - ] deleted 1 point 2.4 yearsDec 13, 2022 20:14:02 ago (+1/-0)

deleted

[ - ] prototype [op] 0 points 2.4 yearsDec 17, 2022 07:25:03 ago (+0/-0)

What about a cyclotron?

Isn't that what a particle accelerator is?

Whats lacking is efficiency and miniaturization. Each order of magnitude improvement should open up new applications.