"I am enclosing herewith an appeal on behalf of the thirty million Muslims of PAKSTAN, who live in the five Northern Units of India—Punjab, North-West Frontier (Afghan) Province, Kashmir, Sind, and Baluchistan. It embodies their demand for the recognition of their national status, as distinct from the other inhabitants of India, by the grant to Pakstan of a separate Federal Constitution on religious, social and historical grounds."
Original source, "Toward a more Uniform Sampling of Human Genetic Diversity: A Survey of Worldwide Populations by High-density Genotyping" Genomics 16-Jul-2010:
Y-chromosome haplogroups are not useful for determining specific traits in this way.
Some of the traits you mention (such as eye color) are carried on particular genes and are referred to as "Mendelian" (after Gregor Mendel) and probabilities can be determined by punnet square analyses such as the ones above by examining which alleles are carried by each parent.
Others (such as height) are determined by a large number of genes and are influenced by interaction with the environment (and are called "polygenetic"). These are possible to estimate with full sequences of each parent; but depending on trait, current predictive accuracy ranges from "fair estimate" to "wild guess".
It sounds like you are somewhat concerned with skull morphology. You may be interested in the work of the ENIGMA project: https://enigma.ini.usc.edu/ and some of the work done on identifying the loci of Neanderthal or Denisovian admixture on skull and brain development (e.g. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28740249/).
While what you are saying is true in general; for humans, Y-chromosome haplogroups are only passed down via the male ancestor. So designations such as R1a and R1b are passed intact from father to son (and not at all to the XX descendents: i.e. daughters). This is why they are useful in determining paternal lineage, much in the same way as the mitochondrial dna (which only comes from the mother) are useful in determining maternal lineage.
You cannot get 1/2 of your fathers Y-chromosome, nominally (if you are male) you get the entire identical thing; however there can occur mutation, insertion or deletion (though perhaps not along the haplogroup marker part of the chromosome) during recombination.
Grymes22 2 points 1.9 years ago
Leather Apron Club has done some research on this:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EaXwvH2T0WI
/v/History viewpost?postid=64b682010327b
Grymes22 1 point 2.0 years ago
Yet 90 years ago...
"I am enclosing herewith an appeal on behalf of the thirty million Muslims of PAKSTAN, who live in the five Northern Units of India—Punjab, North-West Frontier (Afghan) Province, Kashmir, Sind, and Baluchistan. It embodies their demand for the recognition of their national status, as distinct from the other inhabitants of India, by the grant to Pakstan of a separate Federal Constitution on religious, social and historical grounds."
/v/Islam viewpost?postid=649f67d363915
Grymes22 0 points 2.0 years ago
PDF link to the speech:
https://stephenschneider.stanford.edu/Publications/PDF_Papers/Crichton2003.pdf
Well worth the time, IMHO.
/v/Screenshot viewpost?postid=6493db221e6a9
Grymes22 1 point 2 years ago
Interesting observation.
You could make a similar argument about electric versus internal combustion automobiles.
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=64886f79d451b
Grymes22 1 point 2.2 years ago
Original source, "Toward a more Uniform Sampling of Human Genetic Diversity: A Survey of Worldwide Populations by High-density Genotyping" Genomics 16-Jul-2010:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2945611/
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=643eb2b666528
Grymes22 0 points 2.2 years ago
From "Nature" 02-Nov-2017:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-14761-7
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=643eb2b666528
Grymes22 2 points 2.2 years ago
First and second principal components.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_component_analysis#Population_genetics
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=643eb2b666528
Grymes22 2 points 2.2 years ago
From "Nature" on 18-Apr-2023:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-32325-w
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=643eb2b666528
Grymes22 1 point 2.3 years ago
https://www.unz.com/article/or-did-george-floyd-die-of-a-drug-overdose/
/v/4Chan viewpost?postid=6401df852f7d0
Grymes22 1 point 2.3 years ago
Under what basis? Neither has a sensible definition.
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=63f9258b9396f
Grymes22 1 point 2.3 years ago
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2791253
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9111575/
https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/8/196
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9025013/
/v/Covid1984 viewpost?postid=63ef90220dbff
Grymes22 0 points 2.4 years ago
Well, yes. Yes I do.
I believe that it is a Truth self evident that among those inalienable rights endowed by my Creator are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness.
https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=63cd312105a32
Grymes22 0 points 2.5 years ago
https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/51722/thomas-edison-drove-film-industry-california
https://www.saturdayeveningpost.com/2021/03/thomas-edison-the-unintentional-founder-of-hollywood/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_Picture_Patents_Company
/v/Jewdar viewpost?postid=61a626bfa19cd
Grymes22 0 points 2.5 years ago
Any way to clarify here? How do we reconcile Ho Feng-Shan "issuing visas" if a visa was not required to enter?
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=638e19d6a7af0
Grymes22 0 points 2.6 years ago
These burial sites are easily inspected, though it might take some time to accurately estimate the true number of deaths.
https://map.memorialholodomor.org.ua/en/
Though to be fair, this might not be the best time to do this, given recent infrastructure damage, the time of year and the ongoing hostilities.
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=63783508aa412
Grymes22 0 points 2.6 years ago
Now do ["Mortal"](https://www.wnfc.no/filmography/mortal)
/v/Niggers viewpost?postid=637083f997274
Grymes22 0 points 2.6 years ago
I am delighted you enjoyed it. Thank you.
/v/religion viewpost?postid=63610ebb5681b
Grymes22 0 points 2.6 years ago
Thank you.
My apologies that I don't have bandwidth to assimilate such a complex history myself at the moment. The view from a specialist is deeply appreciated.
/v/religion viewpost?postid=63610ebb5681b
Grymes22 0 points 2.6 years ago
Given your interest, I would appreciate a critique of this if you have time.
http://www.preearth.net/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=1175
/v/religion viewpost?postid=63610ebb5681b
Grymes22 1 point 2.8 years ago
http://www.itmightbepossible.com/2019/10/23/ancient-roman-shipwreck-in-brazil-leads-to-government-ban/
/v/TIL viewpost?postid=6322a094bcaa9
Grymes22 0 points 2.9 years ago
The 13th amendment.
/v/AskVoat viewpost?postid=62f447e6306d1
Grymes22 1 point 2.9 years ago
https://ukhsa.blog.gov.uk/2022/05/09/an-increase-in-hepatitis-cases-in-children/
/v/Health viewpost?postid=62db7e2654e1a
Grymes22 1 point 3 years ago
Y-chromosome haplogroups are not useful for determining specific traits in this way.
Some of the traits you mention (such as eye color) are carried on particular genes and are referred to as "Mendelian" (after Gregor Mendel) and probabilities can be determined by punnet square analyses such as the ones above by examining which alleles are carried by each parent.
Others (such as height) are determined by a large number of genes and are influenced by interaction with the environment (and are called "polygenetic"). These are possible to estimate with full sequences of each parent; but depending on trait, current predictive accuracy ranges from "fair estimate" to "wild guess".
It sounds like you are somewhat concerned with skull morphology. You may be interested in the work of the ENIGMA project: https://enigma.ini.usc.edu/ and some of the work done on identifying the loci of Neanderthal or Denisovian admixture on skull and brain development (e.g. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28740249/).
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=6281ef00c66f9
Grymes22 2 points 3 years ago
While what you are saying is true in general; for humans, Y-chromosome haplogroups are only passed down via the male ancestor. So designations such as R1a and R1b are passed intact from father to son (and not at all to the XX descendents: i.e. daughters). This is why they are useful in determining paternal lineage, much in the same way as the mitochondrial dna (which only comes from the mother) are useful in determining maternal lineage.
You cannot get 1/2 of your fathers Y-chromosome, nominally (if you are male) you get the entire identical thing; however there can occur mutation, insertion or deletion (though perhaps not along the haplogroup marker part of the chromosome) during recombination.
/v/whatever viewpost?postid=6281ef00c66f9
Grymes22 1 point 3 years ago
Not to diminish his point but...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tmx1jpqv3RA
/v/videos viewpost?postid=62819f482b495