Sign into an existing account

Section 3: Indirect Subsidies and
Socialized Infrastructure Costs
It is hard to conceptualize the amount of infrastructure
needed to deliver gasoline to your vehicle and electricity to
your home. Starting with extracting oil from the ground,
transporting it, refining it, transporting it to a gas station,
and finally building and maintaining the gas station, a tremendous amount of work is included in the price of the gas
you buy at the pump. Similarly, bringing electricity to an EV
charging port involves extracting the base fuel, converting it
to electricity at a power plant, and transporting that electricity long distances to the charger. Figure 3 is an attempt to
put all that infrastructure onto a single diagram, although it
far understates the complexities of these operations.
https://www.texaspolicy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/2023-10-TrueCostofEVs-BennettIsaac.pdf